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The ZCAS/ZCAS University Institutional Repository is a platform that collects, preserves, and provides open access to the intellectual output of ZCAS Professional and ZCAS University.

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ZCAS/ZCAS University Institutional Repository

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School of Business
This school incorporates all the best business aspects that ZCAS University has to offer.
School of Computing, Technology and Applied Sciences
This Collection incorporates all Research works, Thesis and Dissertations under the School of Information Communication Technologies
School of Law
This Collection incorporates all Research works, Thesis and Dissertations under the School of Law
School of Social Sciences
This Collection incorporates all Research works, Thesis and Dissertations under the School of Humanities and Social Sciences
ZCAS Professional
This Collection incorporates all Research works, Thesis and Dissertations under ZCAS Professional

Recent Submissions

Licensing Insolvency Practitioners in Zambia: Aligning with International Best Practices
(International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2024-06-10) Victor Mwape
A well-regulated insolvency regime is crucial for fostering economic activity. This article examines a recent development in Zambia’s insolvency framework – the introduction of licensing requirements for insolvency practitioners by the Patents and Companies Registration Agency (PACRA) under the Corporate Insolvency Act No. 9 of 2017. We analyse how this aligns with international best practices in insolvency regulation, where jurisdictions like the UK, South Africa, and Kenya have similar licensing regimes to ensure practitioners competence and ethical conduct.The article further explores the potential for strengthening the Zambian system by considering the experience requirement for accreditation observed in other countries. We discuss the potential benefits of such a requirement, such as improved service quality and a more specialized pool of insolvency professionals. By examining Zambia’s recent licensing initiative and exploring the possibility of an experience requirement, this article contributes to the ongoing discussion on how to create effective and efficient insolvency regimes.
Streamlining Corporate Governance in the Digital Age: Re-evaluating Notice Periods for Meetings in Zambia
(International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2024-06-20) Victor Mwape
The rapid rise of technological advancements challenges traditional corporate governance practices, particularly minimum notice periods for company meetings. This article investigates the effectiveness of current notice periods (14-21 days) stipulated in the Zambian Companies Act No. 10 of 2017 (Section 63) in facilitating shareholder participation in the digital age. We analyse whether advancements like electronic meeting platforms, secure online document sharing, and e-voting can enable effective participation even with shorter notice periods. The article proposes a nuanced approach, suggesting potential adjustments to notice periods based on meeting type (Annual General Meetings vs. Extraordinary General Meetings) and technology utilization. We acknowledge challenges such as the digital divide and cybersecurity concerns, proposing solutions to ensure inclusive participation and mitigate risks. This research advocates for a future-oriented approach to corporate governance in Zambia, leveraging technology to streamline communication and empower shareholders.
The 5% Fallacy: How Fee Caps Impede Business Rescue for Financially Distressed Companies in Zambia
(International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2024-06-24) Victor Mwape
This study examines the potential drawbacks of the 5% net asset cap on business rescue practitioner (BRP) fees enshrined in Zambia’s Corporate Insolvency Act (Act No. 9 of 2017). We argue that this “one-size-fits- all” approach disregards the inherent complexities and unpredictable costs associated with business rescue proceedings. The research analyses the limitations of the fee cap through the lens of minimal net assets in financially distressed companies, the challenges of unforeseen expenses and disbursements, and the inflexibility in accommodating exceptional circumstances. Our findings suggest that the capped fee structure discourages qualified BRPs from undertaking high-risk cases, ultimately hindering the rehabilitation of financially distressed companies and potentially increasing company liquidation rates. The paper concludes by proposing alternative approaches, such as success-based fees, capped hourly rates, and a pre-approval process for exceeding the cap in exceptional cases. These alternatives aim to ensure fair compensation for BRPs while safeguarding against excessive fees, fostering a more effective business rescue ecosystem in Zambia.
Regulating Social Enterprises in Zambia
(ZCAS University, 2026) Chisopa Banda
This study addresses the absence of a clear and enabling legal framework for social enterprises in Zambia, particularly under the Societies Act, which does not recognise social enterprises as a distinct legal category and therefore limits their legal status, governance structures, and operational effectiveness. It examines the adequacy of the Societies Act in regulating social enterprises and compares it with Kenya’s Public Benefits Organisations Act, which provides a more structured and facilitative legal framework for organisations operating for public benefit. This study employs a qualitative doctrinal legal research methodology, involving an analytical review of primary legal sources, including the Societies Act of Zambia and the Kenyan Public Benefits Organisations Act, as well as secondary sources such as journal articles, policy papers, and scholarly works. The findings reveal that Zambia’s legal framework is largely compliance-oriented, does not confer separate legal personality on social enterprises, lacks provisions on profit reinvestment, governance standards, and social impact reporting, and provides no dedicated regulatory institution, thereby constraining the growth and sustainability of social enterprises. In contrast, Kenya’s framework provides clearer legal recognition, structured governance requirements, and accountability mechanisms that support operational autonomy and public benefit objectives. The study further finds that these differences reflect divergent policy approaches, with Zambia favouring administrative control while Kenya adopts an enabling and facilitative model. It is therefore recommended that Zambia introduces a dedicated legal framework for social enterprises, confers separate legal personality upon registration, establishes mandatory profit reinvestment and governance standards, introduces social impact reporting obligations, creates an independent regulatory authority, and develops a national social enterprise policy to foster a more enabling environment for social entrepreneurship and socio-economic development.
An Assessment on the Effect of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) Bailout Package on Zambia's Economic Performance
(ZCAS University, 2026-08) Wiggins Mupango
In the last decade, the Zambian government has faced various macroeconomic challenges stemming from both internal and external factors. Domestically, the economy suffered from fiscal and monetary imbalances caused by populist political policies which led to excessive borrowing to meet balance of payments support. The situation was exacerbated by global external shocks like the geopolitical crisis posed by the 2014 Russia/Ukraine war and the 2019 Covid pandemic. The debt burden resulting in the country defaulting on her Eurobond payments of $42.5 million in 2020, an action that resulted in the downgrading of Zambia’s sovereign rating downgrade to ‘junk’ status by Moodys, Fitch and Standards and Poors (S&P). Most external funding and portfolio investments ceased leading to a fiscal funding gaps and reduced capital for investments. Similarly, the local economic environment was characterised by high inflation and exchange rates, reduced portfolio inflows and harsh social-economic environment citizens. To bridge this gap and restore economic stability, the Zambian government was faced with no option but to reach out to the IMF for a bailout program under the G20 common framework. The IMF program was meant to offer some relief on debt servicing and provide emergency funding support through SDR disbursements. The Zambian government was required to embark on a series of structural adjustments programs, debt consolidation and implementation of austerity measures aimed at curbing further debt contraction and restoring economic stability. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the IMF bailout program on Zambia’s economic performance. The researcher interrogated the interplay between GDP growth rate and the movements in inflation rate, exchange rate, investment portfolio flows and social cash transfers using both qualitative and quantitative techniques. The study concluded that the IMF bailout package had a positive effect on GDP growth as evidenced by the drop in inflation rate to single digit, stability in the USDZMW rate movements, increased committed and actualised investment portfolio flows and scaling up of social protection programs. The study further provides recommendations to the Zambian authorities to sustain economic gains from the IMF program to avoid any relapse. Recommendation includes economic diversification, boosting gross international reserve and other fiscal and monetary policy changes.