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The ZCAS/ZCAS University Institutional Repository is a platform that collects, preserves, and provides open access to the intellectual output of ZCAS Professional and ZCAS University.

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ZCAS/ZCAS University Institutional Repository

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School of Business
This school incorporates all the best business aspects that ZCAS University has to offer.
School of Computing, Technology and Applied Sciences
This Collection incorporates all Research works, Thesis and Dissertations under the School of Information Communication Technologies
School of Law
This Collection incorporates all Research works, Thesis and Dissertations under the School of Law
School of Social Sciences
This Collection incorporates all Research works, Thesis and Dissertations under the School of Humanities and Social Sciences
ZCAS Professional
This Collection incorporates all Research works, Thesis and Dissertations under ZCAS Professional

Recent Submissions

The Forfeiture of War Medals to The Crown: The Case of Captain Evans (1923)
(Zambia Law Journal, 2021-05-24) Fatima Mandhu; Peter Ronald Oliver Jones; Charles Mumba
The British Army recognises the brave and chivalrous acts of its soldiers during times of war by awarding them with various medals. Examples of these include, the Military Cross, the Distinguished Conduct Medal, and the Victoria Cross, among others. These awards are prestigious and are a symbol of the bravery, honour and dedication of those to whom they are awarded: to this effect reference may be made to the words of Sir Winston Churchill: "The object of giving medals, stars and ribbons is to give pride and pleasure to those who have deserved them. At the same time a distinction is something which everybody does not possess. If all have it, it is of less value. There must, therefore, be heart-burnings and disappointments on the borderline. A medal glitters, but it also casts a shadow."
Mining Associations in Zambia Supporting Women in Small-Scale Mining: A Case Study of Zambian Women in Mining Association
(Journal of Law and Social Sciences, 2022-09) Fatima Mandhu
This article focuses on the findings presented from the primary data collected on the Mining Associations in Zambia in general, supporting women in small- scale mining. Using the case study approach, particular attention is given to the Zambian Women in Mining Association (AZWIM) that was created specifically for women. The selection of the case study site was purposive since the association specifically supports women in small-scale mining. The data collected from the case study used the empirical method of observing the facts within their natural surroundings without any attempt to interpret those facts. In addition, eco-feminism as a feminist methodology that supports social change through activism was used to analyse the findings. Ideas and lessons were drawn from three selected examples from different parts of the world that embrace eco-feminist activism. Firstly, from ‘The Chikpo Movement’ in India where women saved the indigenous forests and their water resources from destruction by the limestone mining companies. Secondly, from the possibility to save from collapse the Brazilian dam which was created by the accumulation of the tailing over a decade of mining activities. The overflowing mud from the dam destroyed the communities and the eco-systems caused by the mining companies’ negligence. Finally, from the feminist table an initiative formed after the death of thirty-four mine workers during a strike in Marikana, a mining town in South Africa to help not only the mine workers but the women who supported the men who went on strike. The case study findings showed that there was a clear need to use eco-feminist activism in the mining associations as per the ideas and lessons drawn from the three selected examples to overcome the oppression of women and damage to the environment in small-scale mining in Zambia.
Is the Social Tenure Domain Model a Suitable Land Reform Tool for Zambia’s Customary Land
(CRC Press, 2020) Fatima Mandhu
Security of tenure is a key aspect of responsible land administration and land management. Land tenure reforms are complex, and require financial as well as human resources to produce effective results. In Zambia, tenure reform has been hampered by lack of resources, as well as the relationship between statutory tenure and customary tenure under the dual land tenure system that has been inherited from the colonial era. The two tenure systems have been existing alongside each other, creating a number of conflicts such as one system being superior to the other. The introduction of STDM as a flexible form of tenure using formal as well as informal rights is a possible solution to equate the rights held under statutory and customary tenure. This chapter examines how STDM has been piloted in certain customary areas to improve tenure security and resolve land disputes. The methodology adopted for this chapter is a qualitative approach using decided cases to evaluate the possibility of STDM resolving conflicts between statutory and customary tenure. The initial findings show that STDM as a fit-for-purpose approach will not only assist in resolving land disputes, but will guide land tenure reforms through an approved land policy. Request access from author on fatima.mandhu@zcasu.edu.zm
Corporate Social Responsibility in the Extractive Industries of Namibia, South Africa and Zambia: Choices and Consequences
(2016) Hanri Mostert; Kangwa-Musole Chisanga; Janine Howard; Fatima Mandhu
An Assessment of Zambia’s Legal Framework Governing Carbon Trading: Challenges and Prospects for Climate Change Mitigation
(ZCAS University, 2026) Weza Kaleyi
This study assessed the legal framework for carbon trading in Zambia critically analyzing recent reforms such as the Green Economy and Climate Change Act No. 18 of 2024. The objectives of the study was to evaluate both international and domestic legal frameworks governing carbon trading, identify key barriers, and explore opportunities for strengthening Zambia’s climate mitigation efforts through market mechanisms. The research employed a doctrinal legal analysis methodology, analysing statutes, policies, and scholarly literature. The findings of the study revealed that although recent reforms, such as the Green Economy and Climate Change Act of 2024, provide a foundation for carbon market development, significant legal and institutional gaps persist, particularly regarding land rights, transparency, stakeholder participation, and enforcement capacity. Therefore, the study recommends legal reforms to clarify rights, enhance capacity building initiatives, and establish transparent benefit sharing mechanisms. It also suggests that developing a thorough monitoring, reporting, and verification systems are essential for market credibility. It is recommended that future research should focus on empirical stakeholder engagement and practical implementation challenges on the ground to inform more tailored and effective policy reforms for fully realizing Zambia’s potential in carbon trading as a climate change mitigation tool.